How to identify

The Green Woodpecker is the largest of the three woodpeckers that breed in Britain. It has a heavy-looking body, short tail and a strong, long bill. It's green on its upperparts with a paler belly, bright yellow rump and red on the top of its head. The black 'moustache' has a red centre in males. They have a bouncing flight and a loud, laughing call.

Call

Green Woodpecker

GROSSELET Olivier / xeno-canto

Key features to look out for

  • The largest of the UK’s woodpeckers
  • Green plumage, with a yellow rump and red patch on head
  • The black ‘moustache’ has a red centre in males
  • Laughing, descending call
  • Bouncing, undulating flight

Conservation status

The Green Woodpecker is on the green list of the Birds of Conservation Concern, meaning it is needing the least help. However, it declined by 33% from 2013 to 2023, according to Breeding Bird Survey data.

Where and when to see them

Difficulty rating - Easy-moderate

In woods, parks, grassy areas and sometimes gardens. Found across England, Wales and parts of Scotland, but not in Ireland.

Familiarise yourself with its laughing call and there will be no mistaking it.

Key

  1. Resident
  2. Passage
  3. Summer
  4. Winter
* This map is intended as a guide. It shows general distribution rather than detailed, localised populations.
UK distribution map for Green Woodpecker
  1. Jan
  2. Feb
  3. Mar
  4. Apr
  5. May
  6. Jun
  7. Jul
  8. Aug
  9. Sep
  10. Oct
  11. Nov
  12. Dec
Green Woodpecker, adult perched on tree guard
Green Woodpecker
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Your Green Woodpecker questions answered

How can I identify a Green Woodpecker?

Similar size to a Feral Pigeon. They have green-grey upperparts with dullish grey plain underparts, a yellow-green rump and red crown. Females have a black moustache and males have a red. Juveniles whole plumage is spotted and barred. They have a distinguishable loud laughing call known as a ‘yaffle’.

What does a Green Woodpecker eat?

Diet mainly consists of ants, their eggs larvae and pupae.

Where do Green Woodpeckers nest?

Likes to nest in specially excavated chamber mature trees such as Oak, Ash and Birch.

When do Green Woodpeckers nest?

March – June and have one brood per nesting season.

How long do Green Woodpeckers live?

They have an average lifespan of five years, the oldest ringed bird was 15.

Do Green Woodpeckers migrate?

No, they are a resident species and can be spotted all year round.

Are Green Woodpeckers rare in the UK?

No, they breed widely in the UK but are most numerous in the south and east of Britain.

Key facts